IK Trax, an Aberdeen-based company specialising in Intelligent Pipeline Technology, has announced the launch of Loop – the Versatile Subsea Data Hub. With its unique multi-sensor capabilities, Loop provides seamless monitoring of subsea parameters in a compact unit providing crucial data for a broad range of subsea applications.
Equipped with 12 RS485-type sensors, Loop accurately measures and logs critical measurements such as pressure, temperature and flow. Its interfaced system consolidates all sensor data into one unit, streamlining deployment and simplifying operations. Data can be downloaded subsea using an optical modem through the ROV umbilical and viewed via dedicated software, providing a clear graphical representation for further analysis.
Data download via optical modem
“Loop represents a significant advancement in subsea monitoring technology,” said Gavin Duncan, R&D Manager at IK Trax. “By interfacing multiple sensors into a single, compact unit, we’ve created a solution that simplifies data acquisition and subsea data retrieval while maintaining the accuracy and reliability required for subsea operations.”
Loop has been designed with flexibility and adaptability in mind, catering to a variety of subsea environments and project requirements. Its robust, modular design allows for easy upgrades or customisation as operational needs evolve.
View downloaded data allowing for further analysis
In addition to pressure, temperature and flow monitoring, Loop can support a range of additional sensor options, including chemical concentration, salinity and conductivity. Clients with specific monitoring requirements can request specific sensor configurations, ensuring that Loop delivers the precise data they need for their subsea operations.
“With the launch of Loop, we’re opening up a unique opportunity for our customers to play an active role in shaping the future of this product,” said Charlotte Hope, Vice President at IK Trax, “If there are specific parameters they wish to measure, they simply need to let us know – this is a true collaboration between us and the customer.”
For further information on Loop, including its features, specifications, and how it can enhance your subsea operations, please don’t hesitate to get in touch with us at sales@iktrax.com.
For over 60 years, intrusive pig signalling has been the standard in pipeline operations. Intrusive pig signallers provide a mechanical method for detecting the passage of pigs and work by triggering a flag or electrical indicator when the pig passes and they often require manual intervention for maintenance and resetting. However the increasing demand for safer, more efficient and environmentally friendly operations has driven innovation in pig signalling technology.
Non-intrusive pig signallers operate without penetrating the pipeline instead relying on technologies such as magnetic, acoustic and ultrasonic to detect pig passage. In this article, we will highlight the reasons why the industry is making the switch to non-intrusive solutions. Whether driven by the need for cost-effective options, environmental considerations or the push towards automation, non-intrusive pig signallers are increasingly seen as the future of pipeline monitoring.
Intrusive Pig Signallers – Key Limitations and Risks
Complex and Lengthy Installation
As their name suggests, intrusive pig signallers intrude into the pipeline and this requires extensive planning and skilled labour and installation can be a lengthy process. Typically, it will involve hot tapping, welding and pressure testing and specialised equipment may be required. The installation process also typically requires work permits, increasing the complexity of the project.
Safety and Environmental Challenges
The biggest safety concern with intrusive pig signallers is pressure. Even signallers that are designed to be removed under pressure can be extremely dangerous if this process is not carried out correctly. Additionally, intrusive signallers increase the risk of leaks, posing a risk to workers and the surrounding environment.
Hidden and Ongoing Costs
Whilst the upfront costs of intrusive pig signallers might appear similar to non-intrusive models, the hidden costs associated with their installation such as specialised equipment and skilled workers are often substantial. Additionally, any maintenance or repair work can be expensive and time-consuming, often requiring significant downtime and/or qualified technicians to ensure safe operating conditions.
Lack of Precision and Flexibility
Intrusive technology has become less effective with the advancement of modern solutions. They often lack the flexibility and precision now required and they can suffer from issues such as high failure rates due to the wear and tear of the seals and other components. Since the signaller trigger is inside the pipeline, any failure may not be immediately obvious to operators and pig passages may be missed. Additionally, without an automatic reset function, intrusive signallers rely on operators manually resetting the signaller flag, a step that can be overlooked, leading to uncertainty about future pig passages.
Longer Lead Times and Delays
Intrusive signallers are often customised to fit the specific requirements of each pipeline, which introduces several challenges. The manufacturing process can be more complex and time-consuming, leading to longer lead times. Without proper planning, projects or replacement signallers may face delays.
How Non-Intrusive Pig Signallers Overcome These Challenges
Ease of Installation and Maintenance
Unlike intrusive signallers, non-intrusive signallers can be quickly and easily mounted onto and removed from the pipeline using ratchet straps or stainless steel banding for permanent installations. This process takes just minutes to complete. Maintenance requirements are minimal further reducing downtime and operational costs. Additionally, they provide greater flexibility as they can be easily repositioned on the pipeline.
No Penetrations, No Leak Paths
Non-intrusive pig signallers eliminate the safety risks associated with pressure handling, as they do not penetrate the pipeline. This makes them inherently safer, removing the dangers of removal or maintenance under pressure. Additionally, their design minimizes the risk of leaks, protecting both workers and the surround environment from potential hazards.
Non-intrusive pig signallers are more cost-effective in the long term. They eliminate the need for specialised equipment, skilled labour and complex installation processes, significantly reducing upfront expenses. Maintenance is also simpler and less frequent, minimizing downtime and associated costs. With fewer operational disruptions and lower ongoing expenses, non-intrusive signallers offer a more economical solution over their lifespan.
Smarter, More Capable Systems
Non-intrusive signallers log pig passage data information for future review and provide detailed insights which can be accessed directly on the unit display or through a dedicated software. For example they can capture the magnetic signature of a passing pig, offering valuable data for analysis and troubleshooting. They also avoid the wear and tear issues common in intrusive models, ensuring consistent performance without the risk of missed pig passages due to undetected failures. Automatic reset functionality eliminates the need for manual intervention, reducing the chance of human error. These advancements provide greater confidence and accuracy.
Integration with Modern Pipeline Control Systems
As well as providing local indication of pig passage on the signaller’s display, non-intrusive units can transmit signals remotely through various methods including RS485 MODBUS, LoRaWAN, Bluetooth or satellite. This integration provides operators with real-time indication without needing to be present at the signaller’s location, enhancing efficiency and flexibility.
Non-intrusive models are generally versatile and adaptable, with a range of technologies available to suit different pipeline needs. While these technologies offer flexibility, it’s important to note that each type has its own limitations. For example, ultrasonic units are only suitable for liquid lines whilst others only detect magnets. However, even with these constraints, they be easily deployed across a variety of pipelines compared to intrusive models. Their standardised design leads to faster production and shorter lead times, making them a more efficient option for both planned projects and unexpected requirements.
Conclusion: A Smarter Choice for Modern Pipelines
Non-intrusive pig signallers address the limitations of traditional intrusive models and are a safer, smarter and more efficient option. They remove any risk associated with pressure during the installation and maintenance of the units as well as removing potential leak paths. They offer greater flexibility with the ability to quickly and easily move the units around the pipeline. With advanced remote communication, logging and reset options, pig passage data can be accessed without needing to be physical close to the pipeline. As the industry increasingly prioritises environmental impact, safety and operational efficiency, non-intrusive signallers are the standout option.
If you are considering making the switch to non-intrusive pig signallers and would like additional information, our team is here to help. Contact us today for trial options or further support.
Locating a missing tool in a subsea pipeline can be particularly challenging, especially when there are no means of tracking through traditional methods such as electromagnetic transmitters and receivers. During a recent operation, a magnetic surveying system was deployed to locate an in-line inspection (ILI) tool quickly and effectively, offering a reliable solution in a challenging environment. This case study highlights how it was used and its potential application in subsea operations.
Project Background
Our client was performing an in-line inspection as part of a pre-commissioning scope of work in the Mediterranean. During this process, the ILI tool, which was part of a pig train, was received in a damaged condition and part of the tool was missing. This posed a significant challenge, as the batteries in the transmitters on the standard bi-directional pigs – supplied by a third party manufacturer – had depleted, leaving no active signals to locate the lost tool.
A quick solution was required as locating the Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) tool was critical to avoid ongoing vessel costs and potential project delays. With no functioning transmitters but the presence of a magnetic source available, IK Trax proposed using a magnetic surveying system to locate the tool, an option that was quickly approved by the end client.
Our team mobilised a technician and equipment to the vessel, where they worked with an ROV operator to survey a 50m section of the pipeline and surrounding manifold area. The system was mounted in the ROV manipulator, with its screen visible through the ROV camera. The technician monitored the live readings displayed on the screen and, despite magnetic interference in the area, detected a clear spike in the readings when the tool was within range. This hotspot was within an electric valve and the results were confirmed through repeated scans leading to the successful identification of the tool’s location.
Magnetic Surveying System
The magnetic surveying system provided real-time numerical or graphical representations of gauss readings. The system functioned as follows:
A live feed displayed variations in magnetic field as the ROV maneuvered through the pipeline area
Readings indicated a spike in the magnetic field, which implied a potential magnetic signature from the pig
The team used constant monitoring and fly-bys to confirm the location of the magnetic tool
Using this approach is most effective for shorter pipe sections where the approximate search area is already known. The system’s functionality demonstrates its versatility, proving its effectiveness in challenging subsea environments with potential magnetic interference from ROVs, manifolds and valves.
System Displaying Live Gauss ReadingSystem Mounted in ROV Manipulator
Future Applications
The successful deployment of the magnetic surveying system during this project highlights its potential for broader applications.
Contingency Planning
Operators can integrate this technology into their standard procedures as a contingency tool. It’s ability to detect magnetic fields without relying on active transmitters makes it an ideal backup solution for scenarios where transmitters are not available, for example when batteries are depleted.
Long-Term Subsea Operations
For operations requiring extended monitoring, such as when pigs are to remain in the pipeline for months or even years, this system can be used to track pigs equipped with powerful magnets instead of transmitters. This approach eliminates concerns about transmitter battery life while still providing reliable confirmation of the pig’s position, even after extended periods.
Real-Time Monitoring
The system’s real-time magnetic field readings offer operators a valuable tool for locating and identifying irregularities, enabling swift and accurate responses to unforeseen situations.
Graphical Representation of Gauss Reading
Conclusion
By using this magnetic surveying system, we were able to locate the missing tool quickly and accurately, saving the client both time and money by avoiding costly vessel time and project setbacks. This successful deployment highlights the versatility of the system and its potential to provide an effective solution in a wide range of operational scenarios.
Tracking pigs is crucial for accurately monitoring their location and progress through the pipeline. Any uncertainty regarding location can result in project and/or operational delays and potential additional costs due to these delays. An electromagnetic pig tracking system should be considered an insurance policy – you might not always need it, but do you want to take the risk of not having it? As with many aspects of life, having the right insurance can prove invaluable when things go wrong. Beyond contingency planning, these systems also play a role in confirming that operations have progressed as expected, providing reassurance and saving time.
Pig Tracking Technologies: Exploring the Options
Pig tracking allows you to confirm a stationary pig is (or is not) at the expected location such as in the receiver. This is when a pig tracking system’s second function may come into play – locating a stationary pig at an unknown location. Additionally, it can track the passage of a moving pig at a specific point in the pipeline, ensuring precise monitoring throughout the process. This is typically done by carrying a receiver from one location to the next and can often involve multiple people at different locations. This process is commonly referred to as “leapfrogging.”
EMRx Ex – ATEX Rated Electromagnetic Receiver
Several technologies are available for pig tracking with acoustic pig tracking traditionally being the go-to option for subsea pipeline pre-commissioning. Acoustic works well when tracking pigs over long distances with detection possible across several kilometres. However, it is only suitable for a specific application: subsea pipelines that are liquid-filled and not buried or trenched. This makes it an unsuitable choice for onshore or topside pipelines and limits its use in certain subsea pipeline scenarios. Radio Active Isotopes (RAI) are an alternative technology that allow for more precise pig tracking and don’t rely on a power source, eliminating the risk of batteries depleting. However, this type of equipment requires strict safety protocols and handling procedures and the need for specialised equipment and expertise, all of which can drive up operational costs. Additionally, shipping this type of equipment can be complicated due to the regulations surrounding transport of radioactive material, adding another layer of complexity and potential cost.
What is Electromagnetic Pig Tracking?
Electromagnetic (EM) pig tracking has emerged as the most versatile technology on the market as it allows locating and tracking in any onshore or offshore pipeline whether it is carrying gas or liquid. It is also suitable for buried and trenched pipelines, pipeline bundles and pipe-in-pipe applications. Some systems are certified (e.g ATEX-certified) for use in hazardous areas without the need to obtain additional permits making them the ideal choice for use on platforms and in onshore facilities such as refineries.
EM pig tracking involves placing a transmitter inside a pig. This transmitter emits a signal that can be detected externally using an EM Receiver which has a series of LEDs to indicate signal detection and enables precise locating of the pig within the pipeline. Some systems offer specialised applications on handheld devices or laptops. These offer graphical signal representation and allow users to adjust transmitter and receiver parameters as needed to ensure suitability for each individual operation.
EM pig tracking systems allow for precise locating within a few centimetres through null spot detection. This precision reduces guesswork and enhances efficiency by allowing issues to be dealt with swiftly, minimizing downtime and supporting decision-making during critical operations. Although these systems come at a price, their long-term benefits make them a cost-effective solution (think back to the insurance policy analogy at the start of this article.) The key benefits include:
High Precision: Accurate locating within a few centimetres through null spot detection.
Reduced Downtime: Quick identification of issues to minimize operational disruptions.
Enhanced Efficiency: Streamlined operations by eliminating guesswork and improving tracking accuracy.
Improved Decision-Making: Real-time data to support better decisions during critical operations.
Cost-Effective in the Long Term: Despite initial costs, the long-term savings and operational benefits make them a valuable investment.
Versatility Across Applications: Suitable for onshore, subsea, and complex pipeline configurations.
While EM pig tracking offers significant advantages, it does come with certain challenges. Factors such as pipeline construction, environmental conditions, and pig design can affect tracking performance. Here are the key challenges operators may face:
Signal Attenuation: Buried pipelines and those with thick walls can weaken EM signals, making tracking more difficult.
Battery Life vs. Signal Strength: Increasing receiver sensitivity or transmitter strength can improve tracking but may reduce battery life or signal accuracy.
Pig Design and Materials: The design, materials and transmitter placement can affect signal strength, requiring careful consideration during system setup.
Small Diameter Pigs: Fitting transmitters into smaller pigs (e.g., 4”-6”) can be challenging, potentially limiting tracking capabilities.
Transmitter Compatibility: Collaboration with pig manufacturers is essential to ensure compatibility between the pig and transmitter.
Environmental Factors: Pipeline diameter, temperature, and pressure can all influence tracking performance, requiring adjustments based on specific conditions.
EM pig tracking technology has significantly evolved over the years, offering innovative features to meet the demands of pipeline operations. For instance, EM transmitters can be fitted with specialised endcaps that enable delayed activation to conserve battery life as transmitters must typically be switched on prior to pigs being loaded into the launcher. Transmitter switch-on can be triggered by external conditions such as contact with liquid or when a pipeline reaches a specified pressure.
IK Trax’s range of Electromagnetic Transmitters
Additionally, transmitters can be integrated with external equipment like Smart Gauge Plates to confirm the integrity of a pipeline. Advancements in transmitter power and receiver sensitivity enable operators to track pigs even in challenging scenarios such as heavy walled or buried pipelines. The introduction of multi-frequency receivers enables the simultaneous tracking of multiple frequencies, making it possible to identify individual pigs within a pig train.
Enhancing Efficiency with Innovative Apps
One of the more revolutionary advancements in electromagnetic pig tracking has been the introduction of specialised Apps that can streamline processes, improve data accuracy and provide operational flexibility.
EM transmitter Apps such as IK Trax’s EMTx Config App allows operators to adjust transmitter settings such as pulse rate, frequency and power output, directly on-site. Traditionally, these adjustments would have had to be made by the manufacturer often leading to additional transit costs and potential delays without careful forward planning. The App also provides real-time feedback on how changes, such as increasing power or selecting a faster pulse rate, impact battery life. This allows the operator to strike a balance between performance and longevity.
IK Trax’s EMRx Receiver App
EM Receiver Apps provide a graphical representation of the signal from the Receiver allowing you to track multiple EM frequencies as well as pigs fitted with magnets. This visualization can simplify the tracking process leading to faster detection. With IK Trax’s EMRx Receiver App, you can also adjust the settings of the receiver e.g change the frequencies selected to be shown on each of the LED bars and pause, zoom and scroll through past data as well as export.
EM pig tracking offers accuracy, versatility and operational efficiency. As technology advances, so do the capabilities of EM tracking systems, enabling precise monitoring in even the most challenging environments. While challenges remain, ongoing developments can help address these limitations. By integrating EM pig tracking technology, operators can enhance the reliability and effectiveness of their pipeline operations.
We caught up with Revanth Kumar, Technical Sales Engineer at IK Trax, ahead of the upcoming ADIPEC conference, where we will be exhibiting alongside other IK Group companies. Revanth, who recently celebrated his 10-year anniversary with the company, shared his experiences, insights on industry advancements, and what he’s most excited about for this year’s event.
Tell us about yourself
My name is Revanth and I am a Technical Sales Engineer at IK Trax, based in our Dubai office. I hold a Bachelor’s Degree in Mechanical Engineering and a Masters Degree in Oil & Gas Engineering. After completing my Masters Degree, I secured my first position in the Oil and Gas Industry in Dubai with a safety and services company. I later worked in the cables industry as a Project Engineer before joining IK Trax in 2014.
In my current role, I collaborate with the sales team to understand client requirements and technical needs, providing technical assistance, product training and demonstrations. I also assist with developing sales quotes to support the sales effort in the Middle East region. Additionally, I travel both locally and internationally to promote IK Trax and deliver technical support and training.
Outside of work I enjoy spending time with family and friends, cooking, watching movies and reading.
Congratulations on your 10-year anniversary with the company. How have you grown professionally and personally during your time at IK Trax?
Thank you! I certainly feel that I have grown during my time with IK Trax. I have played a crucial role in supporting our sales efforts by providing technical assistance from the enquiry stage to order placement and project execution. This has allowed me to offer deeper insights into customer queries and provide them with additional support when required.
On a personal level, I am grateful to IK Trax for the opportunities I’ve had, especially in navigating challenges and achieving success as a team. My time here has deepened my understanding of the industry and our products, and I have built meaningful connections over the years. I look forward to continuing my learning and growth with IK Trax.
What changes and advancements have you observed in the industry during your time with IK Trax?
I would say that customer expectations have changed significantly and they are looking for more advanced and integrated solutions. For example, with their pig signallers, they want to receive comprehensive information about pig passages without needing to be near to the pipeline. Our products meet this demand by providing remote communication solutions including Bluetooth, low frequency radio communication or RS485. We can even integrate with GSM units to send SMS or email notifications of pig passage events. It is fair to say that we have successfully met and exceeded their expectations.
What has been the highlight of your time at IK Trax?
There are many memorable moments, and it is hard to pick just one as each experience is unique in its own way. Two significant milestones— becoming an IK Group company in 2015 and rebranding the company earlier this year—marked new chapters for us. Also, any chance that I get to work closely with a customer is a highlight in its own way I always learn something new and continue to reflect on it from time to time.
In your experience, what makes IK Trax stand out in the industry, especially for clients in the Middle East?
Firstly, I believe we have established excellent customer relationships and a strong presence in the Middle East. Over the years, we have effectively addressed their requirements by understanding their needs, which I think has been a key factor in our success in this region.
Secondly, our versatile product range is key to offering effective solutions and allows us to address a wide range of client needs. We manufacture three types of signallers—magnetic, ultrasonic, and acoustic—ensuring we can provide the most suitable option for every application. Additionally, our mobile apps that integrate with the equipment make our products more user-friendly and accessible.
Finally, our strong after-sales support is a significant advantage. We prioritise being available to our clients when they need us most, ensuring prompt assistance and a high level of satisfaction.
You will be attending ADIPEC this year where we will be exhibiting alongside other IK Group companies– what are you most looking forward to about the event?
Reconnecting with existing customers and establishing new relationships at ADIPEC has always been a top priority for us. We always look forward to exploring new business prospects and discussing our latest product developments. This year we are exhibiting as part of the IK Group, offering a full range of products. It is a fantastic opportunity for both us and our clients to experience the complete portfolio of solutions we offer under the IK Group banner.
In pipeline operations, choosing the correct pig signaller is important as they play a pivotal role in ensuring efficient and reliable pigging processes. Various models are available, each utilising different technologies to detect the passage of pigs through a pipeline. There are three main types – magnetic, ultrasonic, and acoustic – and each have their strengths and limitations.
While datasheets may provide a clear specification for each project, real-world application often requires a more flexible approach. Too much focus on standardisation and adhering to a technical specification can lead to the least suitable technology being selected. To maximise results, it is important to understand not just the pig signaller’s technical capabilities but also the project conditions and the types of pigs being used.
Magnetic Pig Signallers: Precision in Metal-Bodied Pig Detection
For pipelines utilising metal-bodied pigs, magnetic pig signallers can provide a direct and reliable solution. As we know, all pigs can be fitted with magnets either during the initial pig build stage or retrospectively, makin this option very popular. In this scenario, the signaller detects the change in magnetic field as the pig passes through the pipeline. This technology offers advantages including:
Reduced False Positives – The direct response to the pig’s magnetic field minimises the risk of detecting background noise.
Reliable Detection – The simplicity of the magnetic mechanism ensures fewer missed pig passage events ensuring a balance of accuracy and dependability
While not a universal solution for all pipeline types, magnetic pig signallers, magnetic pig signallers are an effective (and often economical) option.
Ultrasonic Pig Signallers: Versatility in Liquid Systems
These detect all pig types in liquid systems by sending a pulse through the pipeline and creating a reflection. When this path is disturbed, a pig passage has signalled.
In liquid systems where a variety of pig types might be employed, ultrasonic pig signallers offer a versatile and highly effective solution. They provide a direct response to the pig’s presence, regardless of the material or shape of the pig. This makes it a great option for systems that see frequent pigging operations with different pig designs and pig types. Additionally, the strategic use of ultrasonic signallers at key points on the pipeline – such as pig launch or receipt points – can help detect stalled pigs. This versatility makes ultrasonic signallers a practical choice for multi-pig operations, pipelines requiring more advanced monitoring and where the pipeline is liquid-filled.
Acoustic Pig Signallers: The Obvious Choice?
Acoustic pig signallers can pick up on the unique sound profile of a pig moving through the system and do not rely on additional equipment or accessories such as electromagnetic transmitters or magnets. Therefore, if the criteria mentioned above cannot be met i.e. the pig is not carrying magnets and is not pigging a liquid pipeline, the acoustic pig signaller is a suitable option. This is particularly true if the pig generates a distinct and detectable level of noise such as a solid cast polyurethane or bi-directional pig.
Although acoustic pig signallers seem like an obvious choice due to their versatility, there are limitations to consider. In a noisy pipeline, background sounds may interfere with detection. False positives – caused by mechanical factors such as valve operation – are possible if the signallers are not calibrated correctly. However, operators can fine-tune the device, setting it up to ignore irrelevant signals and ensuring more accurate pig detection.
Standardisation vs. Tailored Solutions
In an industry that frequently operates on an Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) model for Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) developments, standardisation is often a requirement. The logic behind this is to simplify procurement and operational processes, and in many cases, the acoustic pig signaller might appear to be the obvious choice because of its wide detection range.
However, when looked at from a real-world perspective, this isn’t necessarily the case. For example, while an acoustic pig signaller may work well in quiet environments, its effectiveness can be compromised in “noisy” conditions—whether that noise comes from natural sources or mechanical processes such as the pig receiver’s operation. In these situations, relying solely on the acoustic signaller may not be the best solution. A more tailored approach, factoring in environmental conditions, pig type, and pipeline characteristics, can yield far better results.
By moving beyond rigid standardisation and considering real-world factors you can ensure the most effective, reliable, and efficient pigging process. Whether it’s a magnetic, ultrasonic, or acoustic signaller, the key to success lies in thoughtful application and adaptability.
Want to learn more? Contact us today to discover which pig signaller technology is the right fit for your project. Together, we can tailor a solution that meets your specific needs and maximises operational performance.
When it comes to Electromagnetic(EM) Pig Tracking, knowledge of the pipeline specification is critical for selecting the right transmitter. Typically EM transmitters operate across different pipeline types – topside, subsea, buried pipelines or bundles and in gas and liquid lines. Several factors play a role in ensuring reliable signal detection and tracking performance. If the appropriate transmitter is not selected, the effectiveness of the system can be severely compromised.
One of the most important factors is pipeline diameter. For example, the IK Trax EMTx40 is a transmitter specifically designed for pig tracking in pipelines larger than 12 inches. Larger pipelines benefit from larger transmitters due to the increased distance between the receiver and the transmitter, making signal detection more challenging. In short, the bigger the pipeline, the larger the transmitter required for optimal signal performance.
Wall thickness also plays a significant role in signal transmission. Heavy-walled pipelines, launchers, receivers and pipe-in-pipe configurations can pose challenges. Wall thickness directly affects the EM signal’s ability to penetrate the pipeline. If the signal isn’t strong enough, it can become weakened or attenuated to the point of being undetectable.
Temperature and pressure are additional factors to consider. For example, transmitters used in deep-water pipelines must have high-pressure ratings to ensure they can withstand the pressures encountered subsea. Additionally, operating temperatures must be considered particularly in pipelines that transport product with extreme temperatures. Lithium cells are often preferred for these applications due to their ability to function at a wider temperature range when compared with alkaline cells.
Testing is essential whenever there is uncertainty about whether the pig tracking system is suitable for the application. This ensures the transmitter is configured correctly and capable of delivering reliable performance. Testing typically involves replicating actual project conditions as closely as possible to verify signal strength and overall functionality. By simulating operational conditions, testing minimises risk and ensures that the EM pig tracking system will perform effectively during operations.
Ultimately, selecting the right system comes down to a close collaboration between the manufacturer and the client. By understanding every aspect of the pipeline the manufacturer can recommend a solution tailored specifically to the project’s needs. Comprehensive testing ensures that the system will perform as expected in operational conditions, minimising the risk of signal loss and maximising operational efficiency.
Ready to optimise your pipeline pig tracking? Discover how our advanced electromagnetic transmitters can enhance your operations. Visit our Electromagnetic Transmitter Page to learn more!
We are delighted to announce that we will be exhibiting at ONS 2024. Join us on the IK Group stand where we will be discussing our innovative range of intelligent pipeline technology.
Don’t miss this opportunity to connect with our team and explore how we can optimise your pipeline operations.
Date: August 26-29, 2024
Location: Stavanger, Norway
We look forward to seeing you there.
Click here to find out more about ONS 2024 and to register.
We are excited to announce the addition of Lee Galloway as our new Technical Sales Engineer. Lee brings over 30 years of experience in the pipeline and pigging industries, enhancing our technical expertise and pig tracking and pig signaller offerings.
With a strong pipeline systems and pigging technologies background, Lee is poised to drive our sales strategies forward and provide exceptional customer support.
Outside of work, Lee enjoys mountain biking, running and hiking.
Staying on schedule and within budget is crucial during pipeline pre-commissioning, as any delays can significantly increase the already high costs of vessel and equipment hire and personnel. Each stage of the pre-commissioning process must be executed efficiently. IK Trax’s cutting-edge data logging and testing equipment offers our customers assurance by recording and transmitting crucial data at every stage. This real-time monitoring allows support vessels to be utilised for other tasks, resulting in substantial cost savings.
Here are our four key strategies to ensure confidence throughout pipeline pre-commissioning.
Real-Time Pig Tracking
During the flooding and cleaning of a newly laid pipeline, it is vital that the chosen pig train can travel continuously through the pipeline and into the receiver. Pig Signallers placed at critical points and a suitable pig tracking and locating system ensure that you can quickly and confidently identify the pig’s location at each stage from launch to receipt or if the pig stalled in the pipeline.
Confirming a stationary pig’s location in the receiver is normally a routine operation but locating a pig stalled at an unknown location is more difficult and could have large cost implication. Therefore, an effective and advanced detection system, along with a clear strategy, is necessary to ensure speedy locating and recovery of the pig.
Gauge Plate Monitoring
A standard gauging pig will advise you of the presence of a pipeline intrusion. Often, this will need to be followed by a caliper pig run, an unscheduled and expensive operation, to determine the intrusion location. A more cost-effective solution is to run a gauging system with an electromagnetic transmitter. This system can monitor the condition of the gauge plate and transmit this information remotely. This data can be used to determine the approximate location of the defect without having to run a caliper.
Pressure and Temperature Monitoring
Subsea Data Loggers such as the 6001SD can monitor, display and record pressure and temperature data that can be viewed by an ROV or diver or communicated remotely. As the unit is continuously logging, the vessel or diver can use this time to perform other taks, providing more operational flexibility and resulting in work being completed on or ahead of schedule.
The unit can also examine the data received during a set period and display the time and date of the hydrotest pass. This information is readily available without needing to recover the unit, ensuring continuous monitoring efficiency.
Real-Time Dewatering Analysis
Verifying that a pipeline has been properly conditioned throughout its length can be time-consuming and costly since it is carried out so close to start-up. A system such as IK Trax’s MEG ARTS Analyser and Sampler measures the density of flowing MEG (or other chemicals) at the receipt end of the pipeline and displays and logs this data, providing a real-time account of the progress of the dewatering operation.
There may still be a requirement to provide samples for additional confirmation and/or to support the data obtained. Up to seven samples can be taken by ROV, and costs can be reduced further by taking automatic samples at pre-determined levels, eliminating the need for a vessel to transit to the receipt location.
In conclusion, effective pipeline pre-commissioning is essential to ensure the integrity and operation readiness of a new pipeline. By implementing these strategies, companies can achieve significant cost savings and operational efficiencies. These technologies not only enhance the accuracy and reliability of pre-commissioning activities but also enable better utilisation of resources, ultimately ensuring projects are completed on time and within budget.
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